ما معنى Multi-attribute value model, swing weighting؟

A multi-attribute value model scores each alternative on each attribute, scales every attribute from the worst to the best alternative, and adds the scaled scores with weights (Keeney and Raiffa). Swing weighting sets the weights by asking how much the chooser values moving each attribute from its worst to its best level, relative to the others, rather than how important the attribute is in the abstract.