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1 Markets I: The Ecosystem and Exchange-Traded Marketsالأسواق عبر الإنترنت 2 Markets II: Rates, FX and Creditالأسواق عبر الإنترنت 3 Markets III: Commodities, Energy and Cryptoالأسواق عبر الإنترنت 4 Quantitative Methodsالأساليب عبر الإنترنت 5 Derivatives and Volatilityالمشتقات عبر الإنترنت 6 Rates, Credit, XVA and Riskالفائدة والائتمان والمخاطر عبر الإنترنت 7 Research Craft: Predictors, Backtests, Measurement, Portfoliosالبحث عبر الإنترنت 8 Strategies I: Equities and Futuresالاستراتيجيات عبر الإنترنت 9 Strategies II: Volatility, Relative Value, Macro and the Bank Desksالاستراتيجيات عبر الإنترنت 10 Microstructure and Executionالتنفيذ عبر الإنترنت 11 Market Making and High-Frequency Tradingصناعة السوق عبر الإنترنت 12 Machine Learning for Marketsتعلم الآلة عبر الإنترنت 13 Low-Latency Softwareالتكنولوجيا عبر الإنترنت 14 Networks, Hardware and Trading Infrastructureالتكنولوجيا عبر الإنترنت 15 Research, Data and Risk Platformsالتكنولوجيا عبر الإنترنت 16 The Desk and the Firmالشركة عبر الإنترنت 17 The Industry: Firms, Roles and Careersالمسارات المهنية عبر الإنترنت 18 The Interview Bookالمسارات المهنية عبر الإنترنت
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Quantitative Finance · المسرد

ما معنى IGMP snooping؟

Definition 1.7 Networks, Hardware and Trading Infrastructure · الفصل 1 — Networking for Trading

IGMP snooping is a switch’s practice of reading the IGMP membership reports that cross it and forwarding each group’s traffic only to the ports on which a member has reported, instead of flooding every multicast frame to every port.

IGMP snooping. The switch learns from the servers’ membership reports which ports want which group and replicates each group only to them; server 4 receives nothing. Without snooping, all four ports would carry both groups, and servers that joined nothing would still spend their cards’ and kernels’ time discarding them.
Figure 1.2. IGMP snooping. The switch learns from the servers’ membership reports which ports want which group and replicates each group only to them; server 4 receives nothing. Without snooping, all four ports would carry both groups, and servers that joined nothing would still spend their cards’ and kernels’ time discarding them.

أمثلة

Example 1.8 (Two groups, one Ethernet address)

Group 239.255.1.2 maps to 01:00:5e:7f:01:02: the low 23 bits of 255.1.2 are 127.1.2 once the top bit of 255 is dropped. Group 224.127.1.2 maps to the same address. A server that joined only the first receives, from any switch or card that filters by Ethernet address alone, the traffic of the second as well. Venues allocate their groups with this in mind, and a firm that runs its own internal multicast (chapter 27’s ticker plant) should too.

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