The information ratio of a mandate is the mean annual active return divided by the tracking error: .
उदाहरण
Example 3.10 (Sixteen years)
A long-only manager with a genuinely good of 0.5 needs 16 years before its record is distinguishable from luck at the usual threshold; with , 64 years. A market-making strategy with a daily Sharpe ratio equivalent to needs about three weeks. This one line explains why long-horizon managers are hired on stories and fired on noise, while short-horizon firms can be run on statistics (Figure 3.2).