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Chemistry · Glossary

What is Acidic, basic and neutral solutions?

Also known as: acidic solution · basic solution · neutral solution

Definition 18.1 School Chemistry — Grades 1 to 12 · Chapter 18 — Acids, Bases and pH

Every aqueous solution contains hydrogen ions HX+(aq)\ce{H+(aq)} and hydroxide ions OHX−(aq)\ce{OH-(aq)}. A solution is an acidic solution when it contains more HX+\ce{H+} ions than OHX−\ce{OH-} ions, a basic solution when it contains more OHX−\ce{OH-} ions than HX+\ce{H+} ions, and a neutral solution when it contains as many of each.

Examples

Example 18.2 (Three solutions)

Hydrochloric acid is an acidic solution: it holds HX+(aq)\ce{H+(aq)} and ClX−(aq)\ce{Cl-(aq)} ions, with very few OHX−\ce{OH-}. A sodium hydroxide solution is basic: NaX+(aq)\ce{Na+(aq)} and OHX−(aq)\ce{OH-(aq)}, with very few HX+\ce{H+}. Pure water and salt water are neutral.

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