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Earth and Space Sciences · পরিভাষা

Critical taper কী?

Definition 10.4 University Earth and Space Sciences — Year 3 · অধ্যায় 10 — Thrust Belts and Orogenic Wedges

The critical taper of a wedge pushed from behind over a base is the taper at which the wedge is everywhere on the verge of failure, inside and along its base, under horizontal compression. A wedge at its critical taper slides over its base without deforming internally; a wedge below it (subcritical) deforms and thickens until it reaches it; a wedge above it (supercritical) slides without deforming.

A wedge of surface slope resting on a décollement of dip and pushed from behind; x is measured from the toe towards the hinterland. On a vertical slice, the push F(x + dx) from behind exceeds the push F(x) from the front by what the base takes: its friction _b and the horizontal part of its normal stress _n, which leans towards the hinterland on a base dipping that way (schematic, angles exaggerated).
A wedge of surface slope α\alpha resting on a décollement of dip β\beta and pushed from behind; xx is measured from the toe towards the hinterland. On a vertical slice, the push F(x+dx)F(x + \mathrm dx) from behind exceeds the push F(x)F(x) from the front by what the base takes: its friction τb\tau_b and the horizontal part of its normal stress σn\sigma_n, which leans towards the hinterland on a base dipping that way (schematic, angles exaggerated).
Critical surface slope against basal dip for the friction coefficients of western Taiwan, = 1.03 inside and _b = 0.85 on the base, for three pore-pressure ratios = _b; “subcritical” and “supercritical” refer to the = 0.7 line. The shaded bands are the tapers of the Jura thrust wedge, 3 to 4, and of the wedge to its south, 12 to 13.
Critical surface slope against basal dip for the friction coefficients of western Taiwan, μ=1.03\mu = 1.03 inside and μb=0.85\mu_b = 0.85 on the base, for three pore-pressure ratios λ=λb\lambda = \lambda_b; “subcritical” and “supercritical” refer to the λ=0.7\lambda = 0.7 line. The shaded bands are the tapers of the Jura thrust wedge, 3 to 4∘4{}^{\circ}, and of the wedge to its south, 12 to 13∘13{}^{\circ}.
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