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Earth and Space Sciences · 术语表

什么是 Equilibrium tide; tidal constituent？

又称： equilibrium tide · tidal constituent

Definition 21.11 University Earth and Space Sciences — Year 3 · 第 21 章 — Ocean Dynamics

The equilibrium tide is the shape that the surface of an ocean covering the whole Earth would take if it followed the tide-generating potential instantly, without inertia. A tidal constituent is one of the harmonic terms, each with a fixed frequency set by the motions of the Moon and the Sun and an amplitude and phase found at each place, whose sum makes the tide; they are named by a letter and the number of cycles per day, such as M $_2$ , the principal lunar semi-diurnal constituent.

Left, the equilibrium tide of the Moon, in the plane that contains the Moon, the bulge exaggerated about two million times. Right, the equilibrium tide at 45 N over two lunar days, with the Moon on the equator (blue) and at declination 20 N (red): the second case has one high water much higher than the other, the diurnal inequality. — Left, the equilibrium tide of the Moon, in the plane that contains the Moon, the bulge exaggerated about two million times. Right, the equilibrium tide at $45{}^{\circ}$ N over two lunar days, with the Moon on the equator (blue) and at declination $20{}^{\circ}$ N (red): the second case has one high water much higher than the other, the diurnal inequality.

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