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Earth and Space Sciences · 术语表

什么是 Kinematic indicators？

又称： kinematic indicator · sense of shear · S--C fabric · porphyroclast system · mica fish

Definition 7.12 University Earth and Space Sciences — Year 3 · 第 7 章 — Deformation Mechanisms and Shear Zones

A kinematic indicator is a structure whose asymmetry records the sense of shear, the sense in which one wall of a shear zone moved relative to the other, read in the plane that contains the stretching lineation and is perpendicular to the foliation. An S–C fabric is a pair of foliations: S, the foliation of flattened grains, oblique to the zone and turned towards the direction of stretching, and C, shear bands parallel to the zone. A porphyroclast system is a strong grain with tails of recrystallised material: in a $\sigma$ -type the tails step from one side of the clast’s centre line to the other without crossing it, in a $\delta$ -type, dragged round by the clast’s rotation, they cross it. A mica fish is a lozenge-shaped mica grain inclined to the shear plane, with thin tails, stepping like those of a $\sigma$ -type clast.

Three kinematic indicators of the same dextral shear (top to the right, arrows), seen in the plane of the lineation, normal to the foliation. (a) The S foliation (red) curves into the C shear bands (blue), leaning in the direction of stretching. (b) The tails of a -type clast leave its upper side to the right and its lower side to the left, stepping up in the direction of shear without crossing the centre line (dashed). (c) A mica fish leans like S, its tails stepping like a -type clast’s. Not to scale. — Three kinematic indicators of the same dextral shear (top to the right, arrows), seen in the plane of the lineation, normal to the foliation. (a) The S foliation (red) curves into the C shear bands (blue), leaning in the direction of stretching. (b) The tails of a $\sigma$ -type clast leave its upper side to the right and its lower side to the left, stepping up in the direction of shear without crossing the centre line (dashed). (c) A mica fish leans like S, its tails stepping like a $\sigma$ -type clast’s. Not to scale.

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