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Earth and Space Sciences · 术语表

什么是 Mean meridional streamfunction？

Definition 28.11 University Earth and Space Sciences — Year 1 · 第 28 章 — The General Circulation of the Atmosphere

The mean meridional streamfunction $\psi(p, \varphi)$ is the mass of air per second that crosses the latitude $\varphi$ northwards above the pressure level $p$ , in the zonal and time mean:

\psi(p, \varphi) = \frac{2\pi a_\oplus\cos\varphi}{g}\int_0^p [v]\,\mathrm dp' ,

where $[v]$ is the northward wind averaged round the parallel. It is measured in $\mathrm{kg}\,\mathrm{s}^{-1}$ .

The mean meridional streamfunction in the northern winter (top) and the northern summer (bottom), from the zonal-mean northward wind of the NCEP-NCAR Reanalysis 1, means 1991–2020 (data provided by the NOAA PSL). Red: clockwise cells in this view (rising on their southern side), blue: anticlockwise; black: the zero lines that separate the cells. The winter Hadley cell straddles the equator and dwarfs the summer one.

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