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Earth and Space Sciences · 术语表

什么是 Mid-ocean ridge basalt, ocean island basalt？

又称： mid-ocean ridge basalt · ocean island basalt

Definition 3.6 University Earth and Space Sciences — Year 2 · 第 3 章 — Elements in the Earth

A mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB) is a basalt erupted at a mid-ocean ridge, the rock of the top of the oceanic crust. An ocean island basalt (OIB) is a basalt erupted at an oceanic volcano away from plate boundaries, such as those of Hawaii, commonly attributed to a mantle plume (Year 1 volume).

oxide (wt %)	primitive mantle	MORB	OIB (BHVO-2)	upper cont. crust
$\ce{SiO2}$	45.0	50.47	49.60	66.6
$\ce{TiO2}$	0.201	1.68	2.731	0.64
$\ce{Al2O3}$	4.45	14.70	13.44	15.4
FeO (total)	8.05	10.43	11.15	5.04
MnO	0.135	0.184	0.1690	0.10
MgO	37.8	7.58	7.257	2.48
CaO	3.55	11.39	11.40	3.59
$\ce{Na2O}$	0.36	2.79	2.219	3.27
$\ce{K2O}$	0.029	0.160	0.5130	2.80
$\ce{P2O5}$	0.021	0.184	0.2685	0.15

Table 3.1. Major-element compositions of four reservoirs. BHVO-2 gives its iron as

\ce{Fe2O3}

(12.39 per cent), here converted to FeO. Data: McDonough and Sun (1995); Gale and others (2013); USGS information sheet for BHVO-2; Rudnick and Gao (2014).

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