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Earth and Space Sciences · 术语表

什么是 Migmatite and its parts?

又称: migmatite · leucosome · melanosome · metatexite · diatexite

Definition 12.6 University Earth and Space Sciences — Year 2 · 第 12 章 — Crustal Melting: Migmatites and Granites

A migmatite is a composite silicate rock, heterogeneous at the outcrop scale, made of darker parts with the look of a metamorphic rock and lighter parts of plutonic look. Its leucosome is its light, quartz- and feldspar-rich part; its melanosome its dark part, rich in dark minerals, complementary to the leucosome; its mesosome the part of intermediate colour, a more or less modified relict of the parent rock (the paleosome). The leucosome and the melanosome together form the neosome, the newly formed part. A metatexite is a migmatite with discrete, well-defined leucosomes, mesosomes and melanosomes; a diatexite is one in which light and dark parts merge in streaks (schlieren) and ghost-like (nebulitic) structures.

Four structures of migmatites, schematic (outcrop faces about a metre across). White: leucosome; black: melanosome; grey: mesosome. (a) Stromatic: layers of leucosome, each with a dark selvedge, parallel to the foliation, typical of metatexites. (b) Agmatitic: a network of leucosome veins around angular blocks, giving a brecciated look. (c) Schlieric: streaks of dark minerals within the leucosome. (d) Nebulitic: diffuse ghosts of the earlier rock in an igneous-looking host; (c) and (d) are typical of diatexites.
Four structures of migmatites, schematic (outcrop faces about a metre across). White: leucosome; black: melanosome; grey: mesosome. (a) Stromatic: layers of leucosome, each with a dark selvedge, parallel to the foliation, typical of metatexites. (b) Agmatitic: a network of leucosome veins around angular blocks, giving a brecciated look. (c) Schlieric: streaks of dark minerals within the leucosome. (d) Nebulitic: diffuse ghosts of the earlier rock in an igneous-looking host; (c) and (d) are typical of diatexites.
A migmatite in Nashua, New Hampshire: light leucosome veins, folded with the grey gneiss that holds them. The geologist’s hammer gives the scale. Photograph Kevin M. Gill, CC BY 4.0.
A migmatite in Nashua, New Hampshire: light leucosome veins, folded with the grey gneiss that holds them. The geologist’s hammer gives the scale. Photograph Kevin M. Gill, CC BY 4.0.
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