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Earth and Space Sciences · Glossary

What is Milankovitch parameters?

Also known as: Milankovitch theory

Definition 25.2 University Earth and Space Sciences — Year 2 · Chapter 25 — Orbital Forcing and the Ice Ages

The Milankovitch parameters are the three orbital quantities that set the distribution of sunlight over the Earth through the seasons and the latitudes: the eccentricity ee, the obliquity ε\varepsilon and the climatic precession esin⁡ϖe\sin\varpi. The Milankovitch theory states that their slow variations pace the growth and decay of the Quaternary ice sheets, through the summer insolation at high northern latitudes.

The three Milankovitch parameters over the last million years: (a) the eccentricity; (b) the obliquity; (c) the climatic precession, whose envelope is the eccentricity. Data: Berger and Loutre (1991), NOAA NCEI Paleoclimatology, as fetched on 23 October 2026.
The three Milankovitch parameters over the last million years: (a) the eccentricity; (b) the obliquity; (c) the climatic precession, whose envelope is the eccentricity. Data: Berger and Loutre (1991), NOAA NCEI Paleoclimatology, as fetched on 23 October 2026.
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