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Earth and Space Sciences · 术语表

什么是 Partial melting; decompression melting？

又称： partial melting · decompression melting

Definition 14.4 High School Earth and Space Sciences · 第 14 章 — Ocean Ridges and the Oceanic Lithosphere

Partial melting is the melting of only part of a rock: some of its minerals, or some of their components, melt, while the rest stays solid. Decompression melting is the partial melting of a rock that rises, and so is less and less squeezed, without being heated.

The temperature of mantle rock rising beneath a ridge (blue) and its melting temperature (orange), against depth. Rock with a potential temperature of 1300\, C starts to melt 54\, km down; rock 100\, C hotter (dashed) already at 85\, km. Melting temperature of dry peridotite from experiments (Hirschmann, 2000). — The temperature of mantle rock rising beneath a ridge (blue) and its melting temperature (orange), against depth. Rock with a potential temperature of $1300\,{}^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$ starts to melt $54\,\mathrm{km}$ down; rock $100\,{}^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$ hotter (dashed) already at $85\,\mathrm{km}$ . Melting temperature of dry peridotite from experiments (Hirschmann, 2000).

示例

Example 14.6 (The depth of melting)

For a mantle of potential temperature $1300\,{}^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$ , the rising rock is at $1300 + 0.45 \times 54 \approx 1324\,{}^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$ when it reaches $54\,\mathrm{km}$ , exactly its melting temperature at that depth: melting begins about $54\,\mathrm{km}$ down. Above that depth it goes on melting as it rises.

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