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1 Markets I: The Ecosystem and Exchange-Traded Markets市场在线 2 Markets II: Rates, FX and Credit市场在线 3 Markets III: Commodities, Energy and Crypto市场在线 4 Quantitative Methods方法在线 5 Derivatives and Volatility衍生品在线 6 Rates, Credit, XVA and Risk利率、信用与风险在线 7 Research Craft: Predictors, Backtests, Measurement, Portfolios研究在线 8 Strategies I: Equities and Futures策略在线 9 Strategies II: Volatility, Relative Value, Macro and the Bank Desks策略在线 10 Microstructure and Execution交易执行在线 11 Market Making and High-Frequency Trading做市在线 12 Machine Learning for Markets机器学习在线 13 Low-Latency Software技术在线 14 Networks, Hardware and Trading Infrastructure技术在线 15 Research, Data and Risk Platforms技术在线 16 The Desk and the Firm公司运营在线 17 The Industry: Firms, Roles and Careers职业发展在线 18 Interviews I: Maths, Probability and Speed职业发展在线 19 Interviews II: Markets, Trading Games and the Final Round职业发展在线 20 Interviews III: Code职业发展在线

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Earth and Space Sciences · 术语表

什么是 Supersaturation; cloud condensation nucleus？

又称： supersaturation · cloud condensation nucleus · condensation nucleus

Definition 21.21 University Earth and Space Sciences — Year 2 · 第 21 章 — Atmospheric Thermodynamics

The supersaturation of air is $s = e/e_s - 1$ , the excess of its vapour pressure over the saturation vapour pressure above a flat surface of pure water, usually given in per cent. A cloud condensation nucleus (CCN) is an aerosol particle on which a cloud droplet forms at the small supersaturations of clouds. It is the condensation nucleus of the school volumes.

Köhler curves of ammonium sulfate particles (= 0.61) of three dry diameters at 298.15\, K, with their critical points (dots). In air at 0.5\,\% supersaturation, the 50\, nm and 100\, nm particles grow without limit; the 30\, nm particle stays a haze droplet. — Köhler curves of ammonium sulfate particles ( $\kappa = 0.61$ ) of three dry diameters at $298.15\,\mathrm{K}$ , with their critical points (dots). In air at $0.5\,\%$ supersaturation, the $50\,\mathrm{nm}$ and $100\,\mathrm{nm}$ particles grow without limit; the $30\,\mathrm{nm}$ particle stays a haze droplet.

The two roads from vapour to precipitation: activation and growth of droplets, then collision and coalescence (top); ice crystals that grow at the expense of supercooled droplets, rime, and melt as they fall into warmer air (bottom).

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