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Physics · 术语表

什么是 Characteristic; resistor; Ohm’s law?

Definition 6.7 University Physics — Year 1 · 第 6 章 — DC Circuits: Kirchhoff’s Laws and Theorems

The characteristic of a dipole is the curve i(u)i(u) (or u(i)u(i)) it imposes. A resistor has a linear characteristic through the origin, Ohm’s law

u=R i(receiver convention),u = R\,i \qquad (\text{receiver convention}),

RR being its resistance (ohms, 1 Ω=1 V/A1\,\Omega = 1\,\mathrm{V}/\mathrm{A}) and G=1/RG = 1/R its conductance (siemens). It receives p=Ri2=u2/R≥0p = Ri^2 = u^2/R \geq 0, dissipated as heat (Joule effect). A wire of length ℓ\ell, cross-section SS and resistivity ρ\rho has R=ρℓ/SR = \rho\ell/S.

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