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Earth and Space Sciences · 术语表

什么是 Bulk silicate Earth, primitive mantle？

又称： bulk silicate Earth · primitive mantle

Definition 3.4 University Earth and Space Sciences — Year 2 · 第 3 章 — Elements in the Earth

The bulk silicate Earth is the Earth without its core: mantle, crust, ocean and atmosphere taken together, as they would be if mixed. The same composition is called the primitive mantle: the mantle as it was after the core formed and before any crust was extracted from it.

A nodule of mantle peridotite (lherzolite) in a basalt lava from Kilbourne Hole, New Mexico, 7.4\, cm across at its widest: yellow-green olivine with dark pyroxene. The lava tore it from the upper mantle and carried it to the surface. James St. John, CC BY 2.0. — A nodule of mantle peridotite (lherzolite) in a basalt lava from Kilbourne Hole, New Mexico, $7.4\,\mathrm{cm}$ across at its widest: yellow-green olivine with dark pyroxene. The lava tore it from the upper mantle and carried it to the surface. James St. John, CC BY 2.0.

The silicate Earth compared with CI chondrites: for each element X, the ratio X/ Mg in the bulk silicate Earth divided by the same ratio in CI chondrites, against the 50 per cent condensation temperature (hot on the left). Refractory lithophile elements are chondritic relative to one another; volatile ones are depleted with falling condensation temperature; siderophile and chalcophile elements are depleted far more. Data: McDonough and Sun (1995); Lodders (2003). — The silicate Earth compared with CI chondrites: for each element $X$ , the ratio $X/\mathrm{Mg}$ in the bulk silicate Earth divided by the same ratio in CI chondrites, against the 50 per cent condensation temperature (hot on the left). Refractory lithophile elements are chondritic relative to one another; volatile ones are depleted with falling condensation temperature; siderophile and chalcophile elements are depleted far more. Data: McDonough and Sun (1995); Lodders (2003).

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