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Earth and Space Sciences · পরিভাষা

Classes of folds কী?

অন্য নাম: gentle fold · open fold · tight fold · isoclinal fold · upright fold · recumbent fold · inclined fold · overturned fold · plunging fold

Definition 17.11 University Earth and Space Sciences — Year 1 · অধ্যায় 17 — Faults, Folds and Fabrics

By its interlimb angle, a fold is a gentle fold (ι\iota from 180∘180{}^{\circ} to 170∘170{}^{\circ}), an open fold (170∘170{}^{\circ} to 90∘90{}^{\circ}), a tight fold (90∘90{}^{\circ} to 10∘10{}^{\circ}) or, when its limbs are nearly parallel (ι\iota from 10∘10{}^{\circ} to 00), an isoclinal fold. By the dip of its axial plane, a fold is an upright fold when the axial plane dips more than 80∘80{}^{\circ}, a recumbent fold when it dips less than 10∘10{}^{\circ}, and an inclined fold in between. A fold one of whose limbs has turned past the vertical, so that both limbs dip the same way and the beds of that limb are upside down, is an overturned fold. A fold whose hinge line is not horizontal is a plunging fold.

Fold classes, in profile. Top: by interlimb angle, with a vertical axial plane (dashed). Bottom: by the dip of the axial plane, for folds of interlimb angle 40; the inclined fold drawn is also overturned, both its limbs dipping to the left.
Fold classes, in profile. Top: by interlimb angle, with a vertical axial plane (dashed). Bottom: by the dip of the axial plane, for folds of interlimb angle 40∘40{}^{\circ}; the inclined fold drawn is also overturned, both its limbs dipping to the left.
Folded beds of sandstone and shale in the cliffs at Millook, North Cornwall: chevron folds with nearly straight limbs and sharp hinges, their axial planes close to vertical. Photograph: Smalljim, CC BY 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons).
Folded beds of sandstone and shale in the cliffs at Millook, North Cornwall: chevron folds with nearly straight limbs and sharp hinges, their axial planes close to vertical. Photograph: Smalljim, CC BY 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons).
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