什么是 Energy-balance model？

An energy-balance model is a climate model that computes a surface temperature — a single global mean, or a mean over each latitude — from the balance of the sunlight absorbed, the infrared emitted to space and, if the temperature depends on latitude, the heat carried towards the poles. In its zero-dimensional form,

where $C$ is the heat capacity per unit area of the part of the system that warms with the surface.