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Earth and Space Sciences · 术语表

什么是 Equation of state of seawater; haline contraction coefficient; density anomaly？

又称： equation of state of seawater · haline contraction coefficient · density anomaly

Definition 26.13 University Earth and Space Sciences — Year 1 · 第 26 章 — Structure of the Atmosphere and the Ocean

The equation of state of seawater gives its density $\rho(S, T, p)$ as a function of salinity, temperature and pressure. The haline contraction coefficient is $\beta = (1/\rho)\,\partial\rho/\partial S$ at constant temperature and pressure. The density anomaly $\sigma$ is a density minus $1000\,\mathrm{kg}\,\mathrm{m}^{-3}$ : $\sigma_t = \rho(S, T, 0) - 1000$ uses the measured temperature at zero sea pressure, and the potential density anomaly $\sigma_\theta = \rho(S, \theta, 0) - 1000$ the potential temperature.

$T$ ( ${}^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$ )	$\rho(35, T, 0)$ ( $\mathrm{kg}\,\mathrm{m}^{-3}$ )	$\alpha$ ( $\mathrm{K}^{-1}$ )	$\beta$
0	1028.106	$0.53 \times 10^{-4}$	$7.85 \times 10^{-4}$
10	1026.952	$1.67 \times 10^{-4}$	$7.61 \times 10^{-4}$
25	1023.343	$2.97 \times 10^{-4}$	$7.39 \times 10^{-4}$

Table 26.2. Density and expansion coefficients of seawater of salinity 35 at the surface pressure, from the international equation of state of 1980.

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