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Earth and Space Sciences · 术语表

什么是 Hydrous melting？

Definition 22.5 High School Earth and Space Sciences · 第 22 章 — Magmatism at Subduction Zones

Hydrous melting (or flux melting) is the partial melting of a rock caused by the addition of water, which lowers the temperature at which the rock begins to melt.

The temperature at which mantle peridotite begins to melt, against depth: dry (orange) and saturated with water (blue, the two ranges measured so far). At the depth of the slab beneath arcs, about 100\, km, water lowers it by about 500\, C. Sources: Hirschmann (2000), with the PREM densities; Wang and others (2020); Kawamoto and Holloway (1997). — The temperature at which mantle peridotite begins to melt, against depth: dry (orange) and saturated with water (blue, the two ranges measured so far). At the depth of the slab beneath arcs, about $100\,\mathrm{km}$ , water lowers it by about $500\,{}^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$ . Sources: Hirschmann (2000), with the PREM densities; Wang and others (2020); Kawamoto and Holloway (1997).

Magmatism at a subduction zone (schematic, not to scale). As the slab warms, its minerals give up their water, which rises into the hot mantle wedge and makes it melt in part. The magma rises: some of it erupts at the volcanoes, more of it cools in the crust as plutons.

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