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Chemistry · Glossary

What is Gibbs energy, enthalpy and entropy of activation?

Also known as: Gibbs energy of activation · enthalpy of activation · entropy of activation

Definition 12.7 University Chemistry — Year 3 · Chapter 12 — Theories of Reaction Rates

The Gibbs energy of activation Δ‡G∘\Delta^{\ddagger}G^\circ, enthalpy of activation Δ‡H∘\Delta^{\ddagger}H^\circ and entropy of activation Δ‡S∘\Delta^{\ddagger}S^\circ of an elementary step are the standard Gibbs energy, enthalpy and entropy of formation of the activated complex (without its reaction-coordinate motion) from the reactants, defined by the Eyring equation.

Eyring plots of the weekend problem’s rate constants (data of the problem) for the drug and its deuterated analogue, with the least-squares lines and their 95 % confidence bands (dashed, hardly wider than the lines: the points scatter by about 1 %). The lines are parallel within their uncertainty: the same entropy of activation, enthalpies of activation that differ by about 5\, kJ/ mol.
Eyring plots of the weekend problem’s rate constants (data of the problem) for the drug and its deuterated analogue, with the least-squares lines and their 95 % confidence bands (dashed, hardly wider than the lines: the points scatter by about 1 %). The lines are parallel within their uncertainty: the same entropy of activation, enthalpies of activation that differ by about 5 kJ/mol5\,\mathrm{kJ}/\mathrm{mol}.
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