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Earth and Space Sciences · 术语表

什么是 Peneplain?

Definition 15.1 University Earth and Space Sciences — Year 2 · 第 15 章 — Ancient Massifs and the Wilson Cycle

A peneplain is a land surface of low relief, near the base level of erosion, cut across rocks of different hardness and structure by long erosion of a former relief.

phaseagewhat collided
Penobscotian490–485 Maan island arc thrust onto the Avalonian margin
Grampian, Taconian480–455 Maisland arcs against Laurentia (Scotland; the northern Appalachians)
Shelveianearly Late OrdovicianAvalonia against Baltica; the Tornquist Sea closes
Scandian425–400 MaBaltica against Laurentia; the great nappes of Scandinavia
AcadianEarly Devonianterranes from Gondwana against the new continent; Iapetus closed
The main phases of the Caledonian orogeny. The early phases are collisions of arcs with arcs or continents, the late ones collisions of continents; most phases began at different times in different places.
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