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Earth and Space Sciences · 术语表

什么是 Subducting slab？

Definition 14.2 University Earth and Space Sciences — Year 1 · 第 14 章 — Active Margins

The subducting slab is the part of the sinking plate that has already gone down into the mantle: a sheet of oceanic lithosphere, with its crust on top, inclined beneath the overriding plate from the trench to depths of several hundred kilometres.

A subduction zone in section (schematic: lithosphere and slab drawn to the scale bar, relief above the sea floor greatly exaggerated). The slab dips gently beneath the forearc and more steeply below; the volcanic arc stands above the place where the top of the slab is about 100\, km deep. The cold slab drags its isotherms down into the mantle (dashed: one isotherm), and the mantle of the wedge is dragged down along it. Dots: earthquakes, on the plate boundary near the trench and inside the slab below. Water released by the slab rises into the wedge; melt rises to the arc. — A subduction zone in section (schematic: lithosphere and slab drawn to the scale bar, relief above the sea floor greatly exaggerated). The slab dips gently beneath the forearc and more steeply below; the volcanic arc stands above the place where the top of the slab is about $100\,\mathrm{km}$ deep. The cold slab drags its isotherms down into the mantle (dashed: one isotherm), and the mantle of the wedge is dragged down along it. Dots: earthquakes, on the plate boundary near the trench and inside the slab below. Water released by the slab rises into the wedge; melt rises to the arc.

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