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Earth and Space Sciences · 术语表

什么是 Surface-wave dispersion？

Definition 1.9 University Earth and Space Sciences — Year 3 · 第 1 章 — Seismology and Earth Imaging

Surface-wave dispersion is the dependence of the phase and group velocities of a Rayleigh or Love wave on its period. In a layered Earth it arises because a wave of longer period reaches deeper (about a third of a wavelength for the fundamental mode) and averages faster rock; the dispersion curves $c(T)$ and $U(T)$ measured between an earthquake and a station, or between two stations, are inverted for the S speed as a function of depth.

Fundamental-mode Love waves in a 35\, km layer (_1 = 3.5\, km\, s-1, 2.7\, g\, cm-3) on a half-space (_2 = 4.5\, km\, s-1, 3.3\, g\, cm-3), a rounded model of a continental crust on the mantle, computed from . The phase velocity climbs from the layer’s S speed to the half-space’s; the group velocity is lower and has a minimum, 3.384\, km\, s-1 at 19.2\, s, where waves of neighbouring periods arrive together as a large late pulse (the Airy phase). — Fundamental-mode Love waves in a $35\,\mathrm{km}$ layer ( $\beta_1 = 3.5\,\mathrm{km}\,\mathrm{s}^{-1}$ , $2.7\,\mathrm{g}\,\mathrm{cm}^{-3}$ ) on a half-space ( $\beta_2 = 4.5\,\mathrm{km}\,\mathrm{s}^{-1}$ , $3.3\,\mathrm{g}\,\mathrm{cm}^{-3}$ ), a rounded model of a continental crust on the mantle, computed from Theorem 1.8. The phase velocity climbs from the layer’s S speed to the half-space’s; the group velocity is lower and has a minimum, $3.384\,\mathrm{km}\,\mathrm{s}^{-1}$ at $19.2\,\mathrm{s}$ , where waves of neighbouring periods arrive together as a large late pulse (the Airy phase).

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