The conductivity of a solution measures how well it conducts electricity; it is read on a conductimeter in (or ). Each ion contributes to it in proportion to its concentration, with a coefficient , its molar ionic conductivity.
Examples
Example 46.9 (Reading the two lines)
Before equivalence each added removes an () and brings in a (): the conductivity falls steeply. After equivalence, and () simply accumulate: it rises. The two lines meet at , so the acid was .