A reaction is a non-total reaction if it stops at a final extent smaller than its maximum extent , with all the reactants still present. Its final extent ratio is
( for a total reaction).
Examples
Example 43.2 (An ester that stops halfway)
Heated with of ethanol, of ethanoic acid forms ethyl ethanoate and water, . The reaction stops when about two thirds of the acid have reacted: for , so . Starting from of ester and of water, the reverse reaction also stops, with about one third of the ester hydrolysed: the same final mixture.