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Earth and Space Sciences · 术语表

什么是 Mean grain size, sorting?

又称: mean grain size · sorting

Definition 21.2 University Earth and Space Sciences — Year 1 · 第 21 章 — Clastic Sediments and Their Environments

Let the grain sizes of a sediment, in phi units, have the distribution given by the weight in each class. Its mean grain size is the mean of that distribution, and its sorting is the spread of the distribution, measured by its standard deviation in phi units: a sediment is well sorted when its grains are nearly all of one size, and poorly sorted when they cover many classes. Both are computed either from the percentages in the classes, by the method of moments, or from the cumulative curve, by the graphic measures of Folk:

Mz=φ16+φ50+φ843,σI=φ84−φ164+φ95−φ56.6,M_z = \frac{\varphi_{16} + \varphi_{50} + \varphi_{84}}{3}, \qquad \sigma_I = \frac{\varphi_{84} - \varphi_{16}}{4} + \frac{\varphi_{95} - \varphi_{5}}{6.6},

where φp\varphi_p is the size in phi units than which pp per cent of the sample is coarser.

The size distributions of two sediments, from sieve and settling analyses (invented data). (a) Weight per cent in each class: the beach sand falls almost entirely in three half-phi classes of medium and fine sand; the till spreads over fifteen phi classes, from pebbles to clay. (b) The cumulative curves, weight per cent coarser than each size: the steeper the curve, the better the sorting. The graphic measures read at 5, 16, 50, 84 and 95 per cent give for the sand M_z = 2.25\, (0.21\, mm) and _I = 0.36\,, for the till M_z = 1.83\, and _I = 3.84\,.
The size distributions of two sediments, from sieve and settling analyses (invented data). (a) Weight per cent in each class: the beach sand falls almost entirely in three half-phi classes of medium and fine sand; the till spreads over fifteen phi classes, from pebbles to clay. (b) The cumulative curves, weight per cent coarser than each size: the steeper the curve, the better the sorting. The graphic measures read at 5, 16, 50, 84 and 95 per cent give for the sand Mz=2.25 φM_z = 2.25\,\varphi (0.21 mm0.21\,\mathrm{mm}) and σI=0.36 φ\sigma_I = 0.36\,\varphi, for the till Mz=1.83 φM_z = 1.83\,\varphi and σI=3.84 φ\sigma_I = 3.84\,\varphi.
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