A measurement of a quantity is stated as
where is the measured value and the absolute uncertainty , in the same unit, bounds the plausible error: the true value is claimed to lie between and . The relative uncertainty is the ratio , usually quoted in percent; it is what the word “precise” measures.
Examples
Example 1.19 (Relative precision)
The reading above has relative uncertainty . The same ruler measuring a bolt gives : the identical instrument is ten times less precise on the small object. Precision is a property of the measurement, not of the tool.