Biology · Glossary

What is Germination?

Also known as: germinate

Definition 9.4 Primary & Middle School Biology · Chapter 9 — From Seed to Plant

Germination is the moment a seed wakes and starts to grow: it swells with water, its coat splits, the little root comes out first and dives downward, then the shoot rises, carrying the first green leaves toward the light. We say the seed germinates.

The jar experiment in mid-germination: root down, shoot up, and the emptying seed between them.
The jar experiment in mid-germination: root down, shoot up, and the emptying seed between them.

Examples

Example 9.6 (Why sowing waits for spring)

Gardeners sow beans in spring, not in winter: the seed in cold earth would wait — or rot — instead of germinating. Warm days and watered soil are exactly the two signals of Proposition 9.5.

Example 9.10 (One bean, one summer)

Sown in May, a bean germinates in a week; by June it is a leafy plant climbing its pole; in July come white flowers, then green pods; in August the pods hang heavy, each holding a row of new beans — next year’s seeds, made by this year’s plant.

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