Physics · Glossary

What is Electron-volt and atomic mass unit?

Also known as: electron-volt · unified atomic mass unit

Definition 33.3 High School Physics · Chapter 33 — Nuclear Energy: Fission, Fusion, E=mc2

Two units tailored to the nucleus. The electron-volt, the energy an electron gains crossing 1V1\,\mathrm{V} (Chapter 12): 1eV=1.60×1019J1\,\mathrm{eV} = 1.60 \times 10^{-19}\,\mathrm{J}, 1MeV=1.60×1013J1\,\mathrm{MeV} = 1.60 \times 10^{-13}\,\mathrm{J} — chemical bonds trade a few eV\mathrm{eV}, nuclear reactions megaelectron-volts. The unified atomic mass unit, one twelfth of the mass of a carbon-12 atom: 1u=1.66054×1027kg1\,\mathrm{u} = 1.660\,54 \times 10^{-27}\,\mathrm{kg}, of energy equivalent 931.5MeV931.5\,\mathrm{MeV}1u=931.5MeV/c21\,\mathrm{u} = 931.5\,\mathrm{MeV}/c^2.

Examples

Example 33.4 (The sleeping fortune)

One kilogram of anything, fully converted, is 9.00×1016J9.00 \times 10^{16}\,\mathrm{J} — three years of output of a large (1GW1\,\mathrm{GW}) power station. Nobody noticed before 1905 because ordinary physics barely touches mass: burning a kilogram of coal (3.0×107J3.0 \times 10^{7}\,\mathrm{J}) lightens it by a third of a microgram. Nuclei, we shall see, move one part in a thousand: still small, but a million times chemistry.

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