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Mathematics · 术语表

什么是 Outcomes and events?

又称: random experiment · sample space · event

Definition 9.1 High School Mathematics · 第 9 章 — Probability and Sampling

A random experiment is an experiment whose result cannot be predicted (rolling a die). The set of all possible results is the sample space Ω={ω1,…,ωn}\Omega = \{\omega_1, \dots, \omega_n\}; its elements are the outcomes. An event is a set of outcomes; an event occurs when the result of the experiment belongs to it.

示例

Example 9.4

Roll a fair die: Ω={1,2,3,4,5,6}\Omega = \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6\}, each outcome having probability 16\frac16. The event AA: “the result is even” is A={2,4,6}A = \{2, 4, 6\}, so P(A)=36=12\P(A) = \frac36 = \frac12. The event BB: “the result is at least 55” is B={5,6}B = \{5, 6\}, so P(B)=26=13\P(B) = \frac26 = \frac13.

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