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Chemistry · Glossary

What is Class of symmetry operations, subgroup?

Also known as: class of symmetry operations · subgroup

Definition 4.11 University Chemistry — Year 3 · Chapter 4 — Symmetry and Point Groups

Two operations AA and BB belong to the same class of symmetry operations if B=X−1AXB = X^{-1}AX for some operation XX of the group: they are the same kind of operation, seen in a frame moved by XX. A subset of a group that is a group on its own is a subgroup; its order divides the order of the group.

Examples

Example 4.12 (Classes of NHX3\ce{NH3})

In C3vC_{3v} (h=6h = 6), the three reflections form one class (a C3C_3 rotation carries each plane onto another), the two rotations C3C_3 and C32C_3^2 another, and EE is a class alone: three classes, written EE, 2C32C_3, 3σv3\sigma_v. In C2vC_{2v} every operation is its own class: no operation turns one plane into the other.

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