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Chemistry · Glossary

What is Enzyme?

Definition 42.7 School Chemistry — Grades 1 to 12 · Chapter 42 — Catalysis

An enzyme is a protein made by a living organism that catalyses one reaction of its chemistry. Enzymes are very efficient and very specific: each fits a few molecules only, and they work best in a narrow range of temperature and acidity.

Hydrogen peroxide on a slice of raw potato: catalase at work.
Hydrogen peroxide on a slice of raw potato: catalase at work.

Examples

Example 42.8 (Catalase)

Hydrogen peroxide is formed in cells as a by-product, and is harmful to them. The enzyme catalase, present in blood, liver and many plant tissues, decomposes it into water and oxygen at enormous speed: that is the foam on a grazed knee, or on a slice of raw potato. Boiled potato gives no foam: heating has destroyed the shape of the enzyme.

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