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1 Markets I: The Ecosystem and Exchange-Traded Marketsবাজার অনলাইনইংরেজি 2 Markets II: Rates, FX and Creditবাজার অনলাইনইংরেজি 3 Markets III: Commodities, Energy and Cryptoবাজার অনলাইনইংরেজি 4 Quantitative Methodsপদ্ধতি অনলাইনইংরেজি 5 Derivatives and Volatilityডেরিভেটিভস অনলাইনইংরেজি 6 Rates, Credit, XVA and Riskসুদহার, ঋণ ও ঝুঁকি অনলাইনইংরেজি 7 Research Craft: Predictors, Backtests, Measurement, Portfoliosগবেষণা অনলাইনইংরেজি 8 Strategies I: Equities and Futuresকৌশল অনলাইনইংরেজি 9 Strategies II: Volatility, Relative Value, Macro and the Bank Desksকৌশল অনলাইনইংরেজি 10 Microstructure and Executionএক্সিকিউশন অনলাইনইংরেজি 11 Market Making and High-Frequency Tradingমার্কেট মেকিং অনলাইনইংরেজি 12 Machine Learning for Marketsমেশিন লার্নিং অনলাইনইংরেজি 13 Low-Latency Softwareপ্রযুক্তি অনলাইনইংরেজি 14 Networks, Hardware and Trading Infrastructureপ্রযুক্তি অনলাইনইংরেজি 15 Research, Data and Risk Platformsপ্রযুক্তি অনলাইনইংরেজি 16 The Desk and the Firmপ্রতিষ্ঠান অনলাইনইংরেজি 17 The Industry: Firms, Roles and Careersক্যারিয়ার অনলাইনইংরেজি 18 Interviews I: Maths, Probability and Speedক্যারিয়ার অনলাইনইংরেজি 19 Interviews II: Markets, Trading Games and the Final Roundক্যারিয়ার অনলাইনইংরেজি 20 Interviews III: Codeক্যারিয়ার অনলাইনইংরেজি
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বইগুলো এখনো বাংলা ভাষায় পাওয়া যায় না — Português সংস্করণ দেখানো হচ্ছে।

Física · পরিভাষা

Imagens reais e virtuais কী?

অন্য নাম: imagem real · imagem virtual

Definição 10.6 Física do ensino médio · অধ্যায় 10 — Lentes, imagens e o olho

Uma imagem é real quando os raios emergentes passam efetivamente por ela: um anteparo colocado ali a recolhe; é virtual quando só os prolongamentos para trás se encontram: anteparo nenhum a recolhe, mas um olho que olhe para dentro da lente a vê perfeitamente bem. Uma lente convergente dá uma imagem real e invertida de qualquer objeto além de FF; deslize o objeto para dentro da distância focal e a imagem se torna virtual, direita e ampliada.

Objeto dentro da distância focal (a configuração de lupa): os prolongamentos para trás constroem uma imagem A'B' virtual, direita e ampliada.
Objeto dentro da distância focal (a configuração de lupa): os prolongamentos para trás constroem uma imagem A′B′A'B' virtual, direita e ampliada.

উদাহরণ

Exemplo 10.10 (A fórmula em ação)

Um objeto está 30 cm30\,\mathrm{cm} à frente de uma lente convergente com f′=10 cmf' = 10\,\mathrm{cm}: OA‾=−30 cm\overline{OA} = -30\,\mathrm{cm}, logo

1OA′‾=110−130=115,OA′‾=+15 cm,γ=15−30=−0.50:\frac{1}{\overline{OA'}} = \frac{1}{10} - \frac{1}{30} = \frac{1}{15}, \qquad \overline{OA'} = +15\,\mathrm{cm}, \qquad \gamma = \frac{15}{-30} = -0.50 :

uma imagem real 15 cm15\,\mathrm{cm} atrás da lente, invertida, com metade do tamanho — exatamente o que os três raios desenham.

Exemplo 10.14 (Receitar para um míope)

Um olho míope tem o ponto remoto a 50 cm50\,\mathrm{cm}: a lente corretora precisa mostrar os objetos distantes no ponto remoto — objeto no infinito, imagem em OA′‾=−0.50 m\overline{OA'} = -0.50\,\mathrm{m} (virtual, à frente). Então 1/f′=1/OA′‾1/f' = 1/\overline{OA'}: f′=−0.50 mf' = -0.50\,\mathrm{m}, C=−2.0C = -2.0 D; o olho relaxado olha para essa imagem virtual e a vê com nitidez.

Exemplo 10.16 (A lupa do joalheiro)

Lupa com f′=5.0 cmf' = 5.0\,\mathrm{cm}, pedra a 4.0 cm4.0\,\mathrm{cm}: 1/OA′‾=1/5.0−1/4.0=−1/201/\overline{OA'} = 1/5.0 - 1/4.0 = -1/20, logo OA′‾=−20 cm\overline{OA'} = -20\,\mathrm{cm} e γ=(−20)/(−4.0)=+5.0\gamma = (-20)/(-4.0) = +5.0: uma imagem virtual, direita, cinco vezes maior, a confortáveis 20 cm20\,\mathrm{cm} da lente.

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