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Mathematics · 术语表

什么是 Cosine?

Definition 60.3 Primary & Middle School Mathematics · 第 60 章 — The Right Triangle and the Cosine

In a right triangle, for an acute angle θ\theta:

cos⁡θ=side adjacent to θhypotenuse\cos\theta = \frac{\text{side adjacent to } \theta}{\text{hypotenuse}}

— the leg touching θ\theta, divided by the hypotenuse. This ratio depends only on the angle, not on the size of the triangle: all right triangles with the same acute angle are enlargements of one another, and enlargements preserve ratios of lengths (Chapter 59 began this story; Chapter 68 finishes it).

Two right triangles sharing the angle : the small one is a reduction of the large one, so adjacent hypotenuse is the same for both — that common value is .
Two right triangles sharing the angle θ\theta: the small one is a reduction of the large one, so adjacenthypotenuse\frac{\text{adjacent}}{\text{hypotenuse}} is the same for both — that common value is cos⁡θ\cos\theta.
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