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Biology · 术语表

什么是 Respiratory quotient？

Definition 15.13 University Biology — Year 1 · 第 15 章 — Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

The respiratory quotient RQ is the ratio of $\mathrm{CO_2}$ produced to $\mathrm{O_2}$ consumed, in moles. Carbohydrate gives 1.0 (six of each per glucose); fat about 0.7 (palmitate: $\mathrm{C_{16}H_{32}O_2} + 23\,\mathrm{O_2} \to 16\,\mathrm{CO_2} + 16\,\mathrm{H_2O}$ , $16/23 = 0.70$ ), because its carbons are more reduced and need more oxygen per $\mathrm{CO_2}$ ; protein about 0.8. A fermenting culture releases $\mathrm{CO_2}$ without taking oxygen: its RQ is infinite, and a mixed culture’s RQ above 1 measures the share of fermentation. Measured on a whole animal by gas analysis, the RQ tells which fuel it is burning.

示例

Example 15.14 (Reading an RQ)

A resting human after a carbohydrate meal: RQ 0.95, glucose burning. The same person after a night’s fast: 0.75, fat. A marathon runner at the thirtieth kilometre, glycogen gone: 0.72. A flask of yeast on glucose with a little air: RQ 4 — three quarters of its glucose is being fermented.

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